This chapel was saved almost in its entirety from the disastrous fire of 1771 and it still conserves on its walls the painting masterpieces of Masolino and of his extraordinary pupil Masaccio. The paintings narrate the temptations of Adam and Eve and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden, as well as the stories of St Peter the Apostle.

The works were commissioned by Felice Brancacci, the Ambassador of the Florentine Republic to the Sultan of Egypt, and were begun in 1425. After the departure of Masolino and Masaccio for Rome, where Masaccio died in 1428, the work was completed by Filippino Lippi around 1480.
As you can see in the Temptation, Masolino as a painter was still anchored to the naturalistic, fabulous style of late Gothic. Masaccio, however, was set free from the influence of his master who went to Hungary between 1425 and 1427, and he became an expert in using perspective in his compositions. At the same time, his vision of mankind was in the spirit of renewal and emphasised the humanistic.
You will see this clearly in the scenes where Adam and Eve are expelled from the Garden of Eden and the Payment of the Tribute in the Temple of Jerusalem. In these extraordinarily vivid works, you get an understanding of the tragic, whereby disobeying God leads to the expulsion from the Garden. You are awed by the supreme dignity of Christ and his Apostles in the Payment of the Tribute, and you appreciate how perfectly Masaccio has located his figures spatially.
This is truly the Renaissance, and you can see it here for the first time in painting in all its fullness.